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REHABILITATION SERVICES IN HONG KONG

 

Introduction

  • The Hong Kong Council of Social Service (HKCSS) and the Hong Kong Joint Council for People with Disabilities (the Joint Council, formerly known as the Joint Council for the Physically and Mentally Disabled Hong Kong) have maintained close partnership since 1960s, in representing and coordinating more than 120 rehabilitation agencies and self-help organizations of persons with disabilities or parents. We cooperate with different government departments and statutory bodies in the planning and development of rehabilitation services, and facilitate consultation and communication between the Government and subvented agencies. We also monitor, advocate for and promote the improvement of related policies, legislation and service provisions, with a view to protect the rights and welfare of persons with disabilities.
  • The work of rehabilitation means for the overall well being of persons with disabilities. HKCSS and the Joint Council are not only concerned with the policies in social welfare and social security, but also medical care, health, education, vocational training, employment, housing, transport, built environment, information technology, assistive devices, cultural and recreational pursuits, sports and arts, public education as well as legislation, so as to ensure the equality and inclusion of persons with disabilities and achieve the common mission of "equal opportunities and full participation"


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Disabled Population

  • According to the Study on Persons with Disabilities and Chronic Illness conducted by the Census and Statistics Department in 2000, there were 344,000 persons with disabilities and 882,700 persons with chronic illness, representing 5% and 13% of the total population of Hong Kong (6,800,000). The estimated populations of different disability groups were: 103,500 persons with physical handicap, 73,900 persons with visual impairment, 69,800 persons with hearing impairment, 18,500 persons with speech impairment, 50,500 persons with mental illness, 3,000 persons with autism and 74,500 persons with mental handicap. (As the household survey was conducted on a voluntary reporting basis, it was believed that the populations of persons with mental handicap, persons with mental illness and persons with autism were inevitably underestimated.

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Rehabilitation Services

  • The rehabilitative welfare services in Hong Kong are mainly provided by around 50 non-governmental agencies and funded by the Social Welfare Department. In 2007-08, the total budget reached HK$2.8 billion. As at December 2006, the numbers of places, service units and persons on waiting list were as follows:

Service Types

Places

Service Units

Waiting List

Residential Services

Ex-Mentally Ill Persons
(Half-way House, Long Stay Care Home, Supported Hostel)

2976

44

1468

Mentally Handicapped Persons
(Hostel for Severely MH Persons, Hostel for Moderately MH Persons, Small Group Home for Mildly MH Children, Supported Hostel)

5328

107

3697

Physically Handicapped Persons
(Hostel for Severely PH Persons, Supported Housing, Supported Hostel)

485

10

349

Visually Impaired Persons
(Care and Attention Home for Aged Blind Persons, Supported Hostel)

775

12

146

Severely Disabled Persons
(Care and Attention Home)

705

15

377

Day Services

Day Activity Centre for Mentally Handicapped Persons

1425

43

781

Day Activity Centre Extended Care Programme

130

16

NA

Home-Based Training and Support Service for Persons with Mental Handicap
--
20
NA

Training and Activity Centre for Ex-mentally Ill Persons

230

5

NA

Community Mental Health Link Service

--

25

NA

Community Mental Health Care Service

--

10

NA

Community Rehabilitation Day Service for Ex-mentally Ill Persons

--

5

NA

Community Rehabilitation Day Service for Persons with Physical Handicap

--

1

NA

Social and Recreational Centre for Various Disability Groups

--

17

NA

Parents / Relatives Resource Centre

--

6

NA

Community Rehabilitation Network for Persons with Chronic Illness
--
6
NA

Support Services for People with Disabilities in the Community
(Holiday Care Service, Family-based Respite Service, Day Care Service for Severely Disabled Persons, Personal Development Programme, Specialized Programmes for Persons with Autism and Mentally Handicapped Persons with Challenging Behaviors, Home Care Service, Home-based Rehabilitation Training Service, Support Scheme for Newly Blind Persons)

--

69

NA

Pre-school Services

Special Child Care Centre

1449

31

737

Integrated Programme in Child Care Centre

1926

210

1127

Early Education and Training Centre

2039

33

1623

Occasional Child Care Service for Disabled Children
District-based Speech Therapy Service

44
--

21
8

NA
NA

Employment Services

Sheltered Workshop

5243

36

2384

Supported Employment Service

1650

43

NA

Integrated Vocational Rehabilitation Service Centre

3146

19

NA

Work Extension Programme

210

14

NA

On the Job Training Programme for People with Disabilities

--

14

NA

Sunnyway ¡V On the Job Training Programme for Young People with Disabilities

--

19

NA

¡§Enhancing Employment for People with Disabilities through Small Enterprise¡¨ Project (Rehabilitation Social Enterprises)

--

38

NA

Integrated Vocational Training Centre

453

2

NA

* NA = not applicable

Other service programmes relating to persons with disabilities were:

Medical Care

Hospital beds for mentally ill persons and severely mentally handicapped persons, psychiatric day hospitals and outpatient clinics, community psychiatric nursing service, etc

Health

Child assessment centres

Education

Special education and integrated education

Vocational Training

Vocational assessment service, skills centres

Employment

Selective placement service

Transport

Rehabus service

Financial Assistance

Comprehensive Social Security Assistance and Disability Allowance Schemes

Apart from the above, the Hong Kong SAR Government has started to provide funding support for about 50 self-help organizations in recent years so as to facilitate people with disabilities to integrate into the society. A $50 million ¡§Hong Kong Paralympians Fund¡¨ was also set up with the aims to provide financial assistance to athletes with disabilities for their pursuit of sporting career and excellence in international events, to develop target sports, as well as to offer subsistence grant for athletes with disabilities and employment facilitating grant for those retired.

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Future Trends and Challenges

Nowadays, the international disability endeavors have proceeded into a new era, which are orientated to building an ¡§inclusive, barrier-free and rights based society¡¨ and moved away from the traditional ¡§medical and welfare approach¡¨.

Under the repeated advocacy of global community, the ¡§International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities¡¨ was formally adopted by UN General Assembly in December 2006 and was open for signature by member states in March 2007. Compared with other Asia-Pacific countries, Hong Kong has been on the forefront in the provision of rehabilitation policies and services. Yet, there are still rooms for improvement in the quality of life and the social status of our people with disabilities when making reference to the western counterparts. To truly achieve equal opportunities and full participation of the disability community, we have to make special efforts in the following key areas:

  • Further development of community support services and exploration of alternative service modes for people with disabilities;
  • Equal employment opportunity for people with disabilities in public and private corporate sectors, in particular advocating for the introduction of an employment quota system in Hong Kong;
  • Continued improvement in the accessibility of public transport, built environment and IT-related facilities in order to make Hong Kong a truly barrier-free city;
  • Full implementation of integrated education so as to make more children with disabilities able to receive education in mainstream schools with necessary support;
  • Promotion of arts pursuit in the disability community and adequate support for the training and development of artists with disabilities;
  • Substained organization of public education activities in order to establish positive image of people with disabilities, eliminate public misunderstanding and prejudices, and promote social inclusion.

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International Linkages

HKCSS and the Joint Council have been affiliated to Rehabilitation International, Asian and Pacific Disability Forum, International Abilympics Federation, and Asian Federation of the Mentally Retarded.? We have also maintained close linkage with UN Social and Economic Commission for Asia and the Pacific, International Labour Office, and World Health Organizations.

In future, we will continue to work in partnership with international rehabilitation community and our counterparts in the Asian and Pacific region, including the China Disabled Persons Federation, to strive for greater development of the disability endeavors at large.

(June 2007 version)


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